Many mechanisms of resistances are common in humans and rodents. Indeed, management of rodent population has to deal with VKA resistances as well as in human medicine. In this task, the VKA research on pest management can be helpful. Thus, it is necessary to identify and characterize each gene and mutation which may influence the VKA dose. Indeed, the VKA dose has to be modulated, reflecting the genotype of patients more than other common drugs. Warfarin has been ranked number 9 among primary suspect drugs having serious outcomes in the United States during the beginning of the 2000’s decade. Under- and overdoses can have serious consequences by the lack of efficacy or adverse event. In humans, VKA anticoagulants have a narrow therapeutic range. Second, conversely to other rodenticides, VKA have an antidote: the vitamin K, which increases their safety for the human population and nontarget species. First, the delay between VKA administration and death is of several days, which avoids association between bait and death by the other rodents. VKA are currently the most used and one of the best rodenticides for two reasons. In this case, death resulting from hemorrhages is pursued. Considering rodents, VKA are used in pest population management. In spite of the increasing use of new oral anticoagulants, VKA and, more precisely, warfarin are the most commonly prescribed anticoagulants. In the human case, VKA anticoagulants are used to prevent venous and arterial thrombotic event. Nevertheless, the final aim is different for each. The use of VKA in humans and rodents pursues this status. The diminution of the available and usable vitamin K in the body induced by VKA leads indirectly to a hypocoagulable status of the blood. Vitamin K antagonists (VKA) are inhibitors of the regeneration cycle of vitamin K.
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